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Latest food security analysis

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Key messages
Key Message Update July 2026 - January 2027 Conflict and high food prices sustain Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes in the north Download report
  • Emergency (IPC Phase 4) outcomes persist in inaccessible areas of the North East as escalating conflict and rising food prices continue to constrain food access and livelihood opportunities through the lean season. In Abadam, Bama, Guzamala, and Marte local government areas (LGAs), restricted movement prevents households from reaching farmland and markets, driving large food consumption gaps. The same access constraints also impede humanitarian assistance, leaving these gaps unmitigated. 
  • Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes persisted in July and are expected to continue across much of northern Nigeria through January 2027, as conflict disrupts livelihoods, market activity, and main season cultivation. Attacks on farming communities in Benue, Borno, Kaduna, Katsina, Niger, Plateau, Sokoto, and Zamfara states have resulted in abductions, the imposition of levies, and in extreme cases, outright bans on cultivation imposed by non-state armed groups. Because agriculture is the dominant livelihood across the region, this insecurity has significantly constrained food production: rural communities that produce maize, yam, rice, cassava, potatoes, vegetables, and other staples have repeatedly suspended farming as attacks intensified during both planting and harvest, with negative implications for national food availability. 
  • Elevated food prices are likely to widen food consumption gaps among poor households as the lean season peaks. Recent macroeconomic gains — including rising oil output, exchange-rate stabilization, increased foreign reserves, and headline inflation remaining well below its 2024 peak — have not translated into improved living conditions for most households. As the lean season approaches its peak, most poor households have depleted their food stocks and are increasingly reliant on market purchases and seasonally available wild foods. Uncertainty surrounding the escalation in the Middle East and frequent fluctuations in petroleum product prices in recent weeks have sustained high fuel costs, with knock-on effects on transportation and staple food prices, which remain significantly above the five-year average. As household reliance on market purchases peaks, these elevated prices continue to erode purchasing power and constrain food access.
  • Deteriorating health conditions are likely to compound constrained food access and worsen nutritional outcomes among poor households through the peak of the lean season. As the wet season progresses, increased rainfall and humidity are heightening the risk of waterborne disease outbreaks: the Borno State Ministry of Health has reported more than 35,500 suspected cholera cases and 198 deaths as of July 12, with cases also now reported outside the North East, including 102 in Plateau State. For households already stretched by elevated staple prices, illness imposes a compounding burden: out-of-pocket spending on treatment and care diverts scarce cash away from food, while lost labor — whether from sick household members or the caregiving they require — erodes income from farming, casual work, and petty trade at the point in the season when these earnings are most needed. This results in further eroded purchasing power, leaving the poorest households less able to meet consumption needs even as their exposure to illness rises. 
More analysis reports View all Nigeria food security analysis reports
Monthly analysis
Food Security Outlook Nigeria June 2026 - January 2027
Key Message Update Nigeria May - September 2026
Food Security Outlook Update Nigeria April - September 2026
Alerts / special reports
Special Report Global June 23, 2025
Special Report Global May 1, 2025
Monthly analysis
Food Security Outlook Nigeria June 2026 - January 2027
Key Message Update Nigeria May - September 2026
Food Security Outlook Update Nigeria April - September 2026
Alerts / special reports
Special Report Global June 23, 2025
Special Report Global May 1, 2025
Explore food security analysis data
Description

The FEWS NET Data Explorer hosts the widest range of FEWS NET data for download or extract via API. The Data Explorer requires a free user account for access.

FEWS NET–style food security map of East Africa showing crisis severity by color, with conflict icons and alerts across Somalia, South Sudan, Ethiopia, and Kenya.
Acute Food Insecurity Area-Level Classifications

FEWS NET produces IPC-compatible area-level acute food insecurity classifications monthly for FEWS NET reporting countries. This data is available as spatial files, tabular files, and map images. It is a key output of FEWS NET integrated food security analysis and is reported in our Food Security Outlooks and Outlook Updates (FSO/U) and Key Message Updates (KMU).

View files (spatial and image) Go to Data Explorer
Map of East Africa with large colored circles over Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, and South Sudan indicating comparative regional metrics; capitals labeled.
Acutely Food Insecure Population Estimates

These estimates reflect the total population estimated to face Crisis (IPC Phase 3) or worse acute food insecurity outcomes, including those who are receiving humanitarian food assistance and those who are not. This tabular data is a key output of FEWS NET integrated food security analysis and is reported in our FSOs, global Food Assistance Outlook Briefs (FAOB), and semi-annual global Peak Food Assistance Needs Outlook Briefs.

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Markets and trade resources
Description

Access FEWS NET’s market price data and analysis, plus trade flow maps.

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Monthly Global Price Watch reports

This report provides the latest outlook on global, regional, and national market trends of key commodity prices in FEWS NET reporting countries and also analyzes the various drivers influencing these trends.

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Production and Trade Flow Maps

These maps display the geography of market systems and trade flow patterns for key products, including their key market towns and cross-border trade points.

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Price data

Price data is available for a large number of countries and products around the world. This data can be used to track the change in price of commodities, food staples, agricultural inputs, and other products over time and is a key input to FEWS NET food security analysis and Global Price Watch reports.

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Agroclimatology resources
Description

Access FEWS NET’s remote sensing data and analysis of weather conditions.

Learn more about agroclimatology
Weekly Global Weather Hazards reports

This report provides a global outlook on anticipated severe weather events, including maps with current weather information, short and medium range weather forecasts (up to one week), and the potential impact on crop and pasture conditions.

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Seasonal Monitor reports

This report provides regional updates on weather events, rainfall patterns, and associated impacts on ground conditions (e.g., cropping conditions, water availability) during a given geography’s rainy season, along with a short-term rainfall forecast.

View West Africa Seasonal Monitor reports
Agroclimatology data

FEWS NET and its partners offer a range of online tools that share insights on rainfall, temperature, vegetation, soil moisture, and surface water conditions derived from remote sensing data collection and modeling.

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Livelihoods resources
Description

Access FEWS NET’s maps, reports, and data on local livelihood systems.

Learn more about livelihoods
Nigeria 2023 Livelihood Zones Map (.PNG)
Livelihood Baselines

Baselines provide quantitative analysis of household livelihood options. It includes a detailed breakdown of food, cash, and expenditure patterns. The Baseline also highlights market patterns, seasonality, and coping strategies.

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Livelihoods Fact Sheets

Fact Sheets provide a summary of the most relevant data from the Baseline Profile for each zone.

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Livelihood Attribute Maps

Attribute Maps extract specific information from a Profile and illustrate data graphically. For example, an Attribute Map can show where poor households depend on a certain income source, such as livestock sales or casual farm labor. That information provides context, informs analysis and monitoring activities, and helps answer specific food security questions.

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Livelihood Zone maps

Zone Maps illustrate the country by zone, showing areas where people generally have the same options for obtaining food and income and engaging in trade.

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Seasonal Calendar
Description

These calendars illustrate the monthly availability of key food and income sources, plus the starts and ends to key rainy and lean seasons. They supplement livelihoods resources and are integral to FEWS NET’s food security analysis.

View and download the Nigeria Seasonal Calendar
Seasonal Calendar image showing harvest and rainy periods for Nigeria
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