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Madagascar

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Latest food security analysis

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Key messages
Key Message Update March - September 2026 Cyclone recovery and extreme dryness drive Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes Download the report
  • Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes persist across much of the Grand South, remote areas of the Grand Southeast, and cyclone-affected eastern districts. Poor households exhausted their food stocks atypically early and face consumption gaps as they depend on market purchases to cover food needs. Households increasingly rely on negative coping strategies, including consumption of dangerous wild foods, sales of productive assets, and debt. In cyclone‑affected eastern areas, livelihood recovery remains slow due to displacement, high shelter repair costs, and damage to rice fields and aquaculture.
  • Between June and September, outcomes are expected to improve to Stressed (IPC Phase 2) in the Grand South and Southeast with the arrival of the main harvests. Similar improvements are expected among cyclone-affected households in eastern areas through September as they gradually replant and rebuild productive assets. However, pockets of poor households most impacted by past weather shocks, such as droughts and cyclones, will likely continue to face difficulty meeting essential food and non-food needs as they service debts taken on during the lean season.
  • Cumulative rainfall deficits were observed across much of southern and western Madagascar in February and March, despite average rainfall in January. This will likely result in below-average national production of staple foods such as rice, maize, and cassava during the main harvests between March and June. Cumulative rainfall deficits of between 25 and 80 percent of the 40-year average are expected across most areas, except in the north. Combined with erratic rainfall distribution, forecasts indicate below-average to average rainfall across most of the country. Atypically dry conditions are likely to persist through September.
  • The conflict in the Middle East has had limited effects on prices in Madagascar thus far. Fuel prices declined by 200 MGA per liter in March, reflecting historical supply arrangements with Oman and fuel orders secured before the escalation of regional tensions. Strategic fuel reserves have further helped prevent supply disruptions. However, deliveries scheduled for next month may face upward pressure from higher international prices. Although recent delivery delays have triggered consumer panic, no shortages have been observed to date. Food prices remain largely unaffected; however, increased fuel prices would drive higher domestic transport costs that would place upward pressure on food prices in the medium term.
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More analysis reports View all Madagascar food security analysis reports Monthly analysis
Food Security Outlook Madagascar February - September 2026
Key Message Update Madagascar January - May 2026
Food Security Outlook Update Madagascar December 2025 - May 2026
Alerts / special reports
Special Report Global June 23, 2025
Special Report Global May 1, 2025
Monthly analysis
Food Security Outlook Madagascar February - September 2026
Key Message Update Madagascar January - May 2026
Food Security Outlook Update Madagascar December 2025 - May 2026
Alerts / special reports
Special Report Global June 23, 2025
Special Report Global May 1, 2025
Explore food security analysis data
Description

The FEWS NET Data Explorer hosts the widest range of FEWS NET data for download or extract via API. The Data Explorer requires a free user account for access.

FEWS NET–style food security map of East Africa showing crisis severity by color, with conflict icons and alerts across Somalia, South Sudan, Ethiopia, and Kenya.
Acute Food Insecurity Area-Level Classifications

FEWS NET produces IPC-compatible area-level acute food insecurity classifications monthly for FEWS NET reporting countries. This data is available as spatial files, tabular files, and map images. It is a key output of FEWS NET integrated food security analysis and is reported in our Food Security Outlooks and Outlook Updates (FSO/U) and Key Message Updates (KMU).

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Map of East Africa with large colored circles over Ethiopia, Somalia, Kenya, and South Sudan indicating comparative regional metrics; capitals labeled.
Acutely Food Insecure Population Estimates

These estimates reflect the total population estimated to face Crisis (IPC Phase 3) or worse acute food insecurity outcomes, including those who are receiving humanitarian food assistance and those who are not. This tabular data is a key output of FEWS NET integrated food security analysis and is reported in our FSOs, global Food Assistance Outlook Briefs (FAOB), and semi-annual global Peak Food Assistance Needs Outlook Briefs.

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Markets and trade resources
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Access FEWS NET’s market price data and analysis, plus trade flow maps.

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Monthly Global Price Watch reports

This report provides a global outlook on anticipated severe weather events, including maps with current weather information, short and medium range weather forecasts (up to one week), and the potential impact on crop and pasture conditions.

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Price data

Price data is available for a large number of countries and products around the world. This data can be used to track the change in price of commodities, food staples, agricultural inputs, and other products over time and is a key input to FEWS NET food security analysis and Global Price Watch reports.

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Agroclimatology resources
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Access FEWS NET’s remote sensing data and analysis of weather conditions.

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Weekly Global Weather Hazards reports

This report provides a global outlook on anticipated severe weather events, including maps with current weather information, short and medium range weather forecasts (up to one week), and the potential impact on crop and pasture conditions.

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Seasonal Monitor reports

This report provides regional updates on weather events, rainfall patterns, and associated impacts on ground conditions (e.g., cropping conditions, water availability) during a given geography’s rainy season, along with a short-term rainfall forecast.

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Agroclimatology data

FEWS NET and its partners offer a range of online tools that share insights on rainfall, temperature, vegetation, soil moisture, and surface water conditions derived from remote sensing data collection and modeling.

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Livelihoods resources
Description

Access FEWS NET’s maps, reports, and data on local livelihood systems.

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Madagascar 2017 Livelihood Zones Map (.PNG)
Livelihood Baselines

Baselines provide quantitative analysis of household livelihood options. It includes a detailed breakdown of food, cash, and expenditure patterns. The Baseline also highlights market patterns, seasonality, and coping strategies.

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Livelihood Zone Descriptions

Zone Descriptions accompany a Zone Map, briefly describing the main characteristics of the livelihood patterns in that zone. The maps and descriptions are useful in informing the development of monitoring systems.

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Livelihood Zone maps

Zone Maps illustrate the country by zone, showing areas where people generally have the same options for obtaining food and income and engaging in trade.

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Seasonal Calendar
Description

These calendars illustrate the monthly availability of key food and income sources, plus the starts and ends to key rainy and lean seasons. They supplement livelihoods resources and are integral to FEWS NET’s food security analysis.

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Seasonal Calendar image showing harvest and rainy periods for Madagascar.
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