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Key messages
Mise à jour des messages clés Mai - Septembre 2026 Résultats de Crise (Phase 3 de l’IPC) persistent dans les zones de conflit malgré le début de la récolte verte Download report
  • Les zones en conflit dans l’est du pays devront rester en situation de Crise (Phase 3 de l’IPC), avec une frange des populations en Urgence (Phase 4 de l’IPC) dans les zones des lignes des fronts. L’escalade des violences en RDC ne faiblit pas, avec les affrontements continues, malgré le retrait continu des rebelles du M23 dans certaines localités du Sud Kivu et Nord Kivu. En mai, les conflits se concentrent dans les hauts plateaux de Fizi et de Kalehe et dans certaines localités du territoire de Masisi. D’autre part, les attaques des Forces démocratiques alliées (ADF) contre les populations locales continuent dans les territoires de Mambasa (Ituri) et Beni (Nord Kivu) dans lesquels ils ont fait plus de 130 morts depuis le mois de mars. Ces violences occasionnent de plus en plus de déplacements de populations avec, environ 300 000 personnes déplacées du 1er janvier au 15 mai. 
  • Dans les provinces de la cuvette centrale et certaines provinces du centre et du sud-ouest, les ménages devraient rester en Stress (Phase 2 de l’IPC) à cause des contraintes structurelles, notamment le faible accès aux semences de qualité, la détérioration des infrastructures routières et les maladies des cultures (manioc et banane). Les provinces relativement stables de l’ouest et du sud-est devraient, quant à elles, rester en situation Minimale (Phase 1 de l’IPC) à cause de l’intégration économique avec Kinshasa qui permet aux ménages de générer des revenus et accéder à la nourriture sur les marchés locaux. D’autres ménages dans ces zones font recours à d’autres opportunités économiques possibles (le petit commerce, la vente du bétail, la pêche, la chasse et la cueillette) 
  • Les précipitations normales dans la majeure partie du pays ont favorisé la poursuite des activités agricoles durant le cycle cultural Saison 1 (S1). Cependant, les inondations observés dans certaines localités des provinces du Nord Kivu, Sud Kivu, Maniema, KasaiLomami, Tshopo, Kinshasa et Tanganyika en avril et mai ont causé des dégâts importants des infrastructures routiers, des maisons emportées, des carrières minières engloutis et des hectares emportées par des inondations récurrentes et des glissements de terre. Des dizaines de personnes ont perdu la vie, ainsi que les moyens d’existences ont été perdus de nombreuses autres. Cette situation exacerbe la situation de l’insécurité alimentaire dans ces zones touchées par les inondations et les éboulements. 
  • Malgré le début des récoltes vertes de la S1 prévue dans les zones est et centre-est de la RDC, l’amélioration de la sécurité alimentaire et des moyens d’existence des ménages demeurent limité. En mai, les ménages pauvres continuent à éprouver des difficultés à accéder à la nourriture pendant la petite soudure en raison de l’épuisement des stocks et l’insécurité persistante. L’accès limité aux champs, les perturbations des activités agricoles liées aux violences et les déplacements répétés réduisent les bénéfices attendus de la S1 dans plusieurs zones de l’est. Dans le sud-est unimodal, les récoltes de la saison ont commencé depuis mi-avril. Cependant, les récoltes de la saison en cours seraient estimées inférieures à la normale, du fait du début tardif des pluies au courant de la saison agricole.
  • Les développements au Moyen-Orient continuent de perturber l’approvisionnement en produits pétroliers en RDC, entraînant une hausse soutenue des prix du carburant et une augmentation progressive des coûts des produits essentiels. De février à mi-mai, les prix de l’essence, du diesel et de l’huile raffinée ont augmenté respectivement de 24 pour cent, 23 pour cent et 14 pour cent, mais avec une stabilité par rapport à avril. Cette hausse des coûts de transport et de distribution des marchandises à travers le pays provoque une hausse légère des prix des denrées de base plus marqué que la tendance saisonnière. Le prix de la farine de maïs blanc a progressé à Beni, Bukavu et Uvira respectivement de 19,9 pour cent, 9,6 pour cent et 6,2 pour cent en mi-mai par rapport à février. Dans plusieurs zones déjà touchées par l’insécurité et les faibles revenus, les ménages pauvres réduisent progressivement leurs dépenses non alimentaires pour faire face à l’augmentation des dépenses alimentaires.
  • L’épidémie de la maladie a virus Ebola, souche Bundibugyo, déclaré le 15 mai à Mungbwalu, territoire de Djugu (Ituri), s’est étendue à plusieurs localités notamment à Bunia (Ituri), Butembo, Beni et Goma (Nord Kivu), Kabare (Sud Kivu) et en Ouganda, entraînant une déclaration d’une urgence de santé publique de portée internationale par l’OMS le 17 mai. Le Rwanda et l’Ouganda ont fermé les frontières, perturbant les petits commerces transfrontaliers. L’impact immédiat sur l’insécurité alimentaire aiguë reste, à ce jour, limité et localisé comme les moyens d’existence dans les zones affectées étaient déjà érodés par des conflits répétés, qui avaient déjà perturbé les marchés et les revenus. À moyen terme, la prolongation des restrictions pourrait perturber davantage les échanges transfrontaliers et du fonctionnement des marchés dans le grand nord du Nord Kivu et l’Ituri, dépendant des importations. Cela pourrait entraîner une hausse des prix ainsi qu’une baisse de la demande de main-d’œuvre, en raison de probables mesures futures d’auto-confinement et de restrictions de mouvement, dont dépendent les personnes déplacées internes et les ménages pauvres.
Key Message Update May - September 2026 Crisis (IPC Phase 3) outcomes persist in conflict-affected zones despite the green harvest Download report
  • Conflict-affected areas in the east of the country are expected to remain in Crisis (IPC Phase 3), with some populations in Emergency (IPC Phase 4) along frontline areas. Violence in the DRC continues unabated with ongoing clashes, despite the continued withdrawal of M23 rebels from certain localities in South Kivu and North Kivu. In May, fighting was concentrated in the highlands of Fizi and Kalehe, as well as in parts of Masisi territory. Meanwhile, attacks by the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) against local populations continue in the territories of Mambasa (Ituri) and Beni (North Kivu), where they have killed more than 130 people since March. These attacks are driving increasing population displacement, with approximately 300,000 people displaced between January 1 and May 15.
  • In the central basin provinces and some provinces in the center and southwest, households are expected to remain Stressed (IPC Phase 2) due to structural constraints, including limited access to quality seeds, deteriorating road infrastructure, and crop diseases affecting cassava and bananas. Relatively stable provinces in the west and southeast are expected to remain in Minimal (IPC Phase 1) due to economic integration with Kinshasa, which enables households to generate income and access food through local markets. Other households in these areas rely on additional economic opportunities such as petty trade, livestock sales, fishing, hunting, and gathering.
  • Generally typical rainfall across most of the country has supported the continuation of agricultural activities during Season 1 (S1). However, flooding observed in parts of North KivuSouth Kivu, Maniema, KasaiLomamiTshopo, Kinshasa, and Tanganyika provinces during April and May caused significant damage to road infrastructure, swept away homes, submerged mining sites, and destroyed hectares of land through recurrent flooding and landslides. Dozens of people were killed and many lost their livelihoods, worsening food insecurity in the flood- and landslide-affected areas.
  • Despite the start of S1 green harvests in eastern and east-central DRC, improvements in household food security and livelihoods remain limited. In May, poor households continue to face difficulties accessing food during the lean season due to depleted food stocks and persistent insecurity. Limited access to fields, disruptions to agricultural activities caused by violence, and repeated displacement are reducing the expected benefits of S1 in several eastern areas. In the southeastern unimodal zone, seasonal harvests began in mid-April. However, current season harvests are expected to be below normal due to the late onset of rains during the agricultural season.
  • Developments in the Middle East continue to disrupt petroleum product supplies to the DRC, leading to sustained increases in fuel prices and gradual increases in the cost of essential goods. Between February and mid-May, prices for gasoline, diesel, and refined oil increased by 24 percent, 23 percent, and 14 percent, respectively, although they remained stable compared to April. Rising transportation and distribution costs across the country are driving staple food prices above typical seasonal trends. The price of white maize flour increased in Beni, Bukavu, and Uvira by 19.9 percent, 9.6 percent, and 6.2 percent, respectively, in mid-May compared to February. In many areas already affected by insecurity and low incomes, poor households are increasingly reducing non-food expenditures to cope with rising food costs.
  • The Bundibugyo strain Ebola virus disease outbreak, declared on May 15 in Mungbwalu, Djugu territory (Ituri), has spread to several locations, including Bunia (Ituri), Butembo, Beni, and Goma (North Kivu), Kabare (South Kivu), and in Uganda. This led the World Health Organization to declare a Public Health Emergency of International Concern on May 17. Rwanda and Uganda have closed their borders, disrupting small-scale cross-border trade. The immediate impact on acute food insecurity remains limited and localized, as livelihoods in the affected areas had already been weakened by repeated conflicts that had disrupted markets and incomes. In the medium term, prolonged restrictions could further disrupt cross-border trade and market functioning in northern North Kivu and Ituri, which depend on imports. This could result in higher prices and reduced labor demand due to possible future self-isolation measures and movement restrictions, on which internally displaced persons and poor households depend for their livelihoods.
More analysis reports View all Democratic Republic of the Congo food security analysis reports Monthly analysis
Food Security Outlook Update Democratic Republic of the Congo April - September 2026
Key Message Update Democratic Republic of the Congo March - September 2026
Food Security Outlook Democratic Republic of the Congo February - September 2026
Alerts / special reports
Special Report Global June 23, 2025
Special Report Global May 1, 2025
Monthly analysis
Food Security Outlook Update Democratic Republic of the Congo April - September 2026
Key Message Update Democratic Republic of the Congo March - September 2026
Food Security Outlook Democratic Republic of the Congo February - September 2026
Alerts / special reports
Special Report Global June 23, 2025
Special Report Global May 1, 2025
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Acutely Food Insecure Population Estimates

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DRC 2024 Livelihood Zone Map (.PNG)
Livelihood Baselines

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Livelihood Zone Descriptions

Zone Descriptions accompany a Zone Map, briefly describing the main characteristics of the livelihood patterns in that zone. The maps and descriptions are useful in informing the development of monitoring systems.

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